Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1244: Application module: Qualifications

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1244: Module d'application: Qualifications

ISO/TS 10303-1244:2004 specifies the application module for
         Qualifications.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1244:2004:

the identification of qualifications;

the association of qualifications with a person or an organization.


Information technology — SGML support facilities — Techniques for using SGML — Part 13: Public entity sets for mathematics and science

Technologies de l'information — Facilités de support pour SGML — Techniques d'utilisation du SGML — Partie 13: Ensembles d'entités publiques pour les domaines mathématique et scientifique


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1245: Application module: Type of person

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1245: Module d'application: Type de personne

ISO/TS 10303-1245:2004 specifies the application module for
         Type of person.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1245:2004:

the definition of a type of person;

the relationships between definitions of a type of person;

the association of a type of person in a role with an activity or product data;

the classification of types of person;

the specification of required attributes for a type of person including qualifications and experience.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1263: Application module: Justification

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1263: Module d'application: Justification

ISO/TS 10303-1263:2004 specifies the application module for
         Justification.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1263:2004:

the provision of one or more justifications for something;

the specification and identification of what is being justified and in what context;

the specification of relationships between justifications;

the association of the justification to the supporting evidential data on which it is based.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1259: Application module: Activity as realized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1259: Module d'application: Activité telle que réalisée

ISO/TS 10303-1259:2004 specifies the application module for
         Activity as realized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1259:2004:

the historical occurrence of an activity;

the relationship of the historical occurrence of an activity to planned or defined activities.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1272: Application module: Activity characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1272: Module d'application: Activité caractérisée

ISO/TS 10303-1272:2004 specifies the application module for
         Activity characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1272:2004:

the specification of the definitions needed
            to assign management resource information to an activity  or a class of activities;

the specification of the definitions needed to classify activities;

the classification of an activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1298: Application module: Activity method characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1298: Module d'application: Méthode caractérisée pour l'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1298:2004 specifies the application module for
         Activity method characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1298:2004:

the specification of the definitions needed to assign management
            resource information to an activity method or a class of activity methods;

the specification of the definitions needed to classify activity method;

the classification of an activity method.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1261: Application module: Activity method implementation

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1261: Module d'application: Implémentation de méthode pour l'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1261:2004 specifies the application module for
         Activity method implementation.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1261:2004:

the capability to associate additional information with an activity method.


Plastics pipes and fittings — Crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipe systems for the conveyance of gaseous fuels — Metric series — Specifications — Part 2: Fittings for heat-fusion jointing

Tubes et raccords en matières plastiques — Systèmes de tubes en polyéthylène réticulé (PE-X) pour le transport de combustibles gazeux — Série métrique — Spécifications — Partie 2: Raccords pour assemblage par fusion

ISO 14531-2:2004 specifies the physical properties and mechanical performance requirements of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) and polyethylene (PE) socket, saddle and spigot fittings for the connection by socket or saddle heat-fusion jointing techniques of PE-X pipes manufactured in accordance with ISO 14531-1. In addition, it lays down dimensional requirements and specifies some general material properties (including chemical resistance) together with a classification scheme for PE-X fitting base materials produced in the form of pipe.

When used in conjunction with the other parts of ISO 14531, it provides the basis for the design, manufacture and installation of PE-X piping systems (PE-X pipes, PE-X fusion fittings and mechanical fittings) for the supply of category D and category E gaseous fuels.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1300: Application module: Work output

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1300: Module d'application: Résultat de travail

ISO/TS 10303-1300:2004 specifies the application module for
         Work output.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1300:2004:

the definition and quantification of planned as well as recorded work outputs;

the relationships between work outputs;

the relationships between the work output and detailed descriptions of the output.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1301: Application module: Work output characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1301: Module d'application: Résultat caractérisé de travail

ISO/TS 10303-1301:2004 specifies the application module for
         Work output characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1301:2004:

the identification of work output;

the association of approvals, certifications, dates,  times, people, and organizations to work output;

the association of properties to work output;

the association of work output to an entry in a work management scheme;

the security classification of work output.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1260: Application module: Scheme

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1260: Module d'application: Schéma

ISO/TS 10303-1260:2004 specifies the application module for
         Scheme.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1260:2004:

the identification of schemes;

the identification of entries in a scheme;

the association of dates and times with schemes and entries in schemes;

the definition of relationships between entries within a scheme, including dependencies and sequencing;

the definition of relationships between schemes;

the definition of relationships between scheme entries and schemes that expand on entries.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1262: Application module: Task specification

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1262: Module d'application: Spécification de tâche

ISO/TS 10303-1262:2004 specifies the application module for
         Task specification.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1262:2004:

the specification of a task method as a sequence of instructions encoded as text;

the specification of a task method as a structured set of instructions;

the association of pre-conditions to a task method or a stage within a task method;

the association of post-conditions to a task method or a stage within a task method;

the assignment of a task method.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1267: Application module: Required resource

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1267: Module d'application: Ressource requise

ISO/TS 10303-1267:2004 specifies the application module for
         Required resource.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1267:2004:

the specification of an actual items or type of item as required resources;

the specification of classifications of required resources;

the specification of the required quantity of a resource;

the grouping of resource requirements.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1280: Application module: Required resource characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1280: Module d'application: Ressource requise caractérisée

ISO/TS 10303-1280:2004 specifies the application module for
         Required resource characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1280:2004:

the identification of required resources;

the association of approvals, certifications, dates,  times, people, and organizations to required resources;

the association of conditions of applicability to required resources;

the specification of valid uses of required resources;

the association of justification information to required resources;

the association of  properties to required resources.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1269: Application module: Resource as realized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1269: Module d'application: Ressource telle que réalisée

ISO/TS 10303-1269:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource as realized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1269:2004:

the recording of resources used or consumed by activities, organizations;

the recording of usage or consumption of actual as well as types of resource items;

the recording of the relationship between the resource as realized and the corresponding resource requirement statements;

the recording of the relationship between the resource as realized and the corresponding resource events.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1283: Application module: Resource as realized characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1283: Module d'application: Ressource telle que réalisée caractérisée

ISO/TS 10303-1283:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource as realized characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1283:2004:

the  identification of  realized resources;

the association of approvals, dates, and times  to realized resources;

the association of justification information to realized resources;

the association  of properties to realized resources.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1268: Application module: Resource item

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1268: Module d'application: Élément de ressource

ISO/TS 10303-1268:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource item.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1268:2004:

the definition of a resources;

the definition of a grouping of resources as a resource in its own right.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1281: Application module: Resource item characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1281: Module d'application: Élément de ressource caractérisé

ISO/TS 10303-1281:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource item characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1281:2004:

the identification of resource items;

the association of approvals, certifications, dates, times, people, security classification, and other management data with
            resource items;

the specification of conditions affecting the validity of information about a resource item;

the association of documents with a resource item;

the association of a justification with a resource item;

the association  of properties with a resource items.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1266: Application module: Resource management

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1266: Module d'application: Gestion de ressources

ISO/TS 10303-1266:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource management.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1266:2004:

the  availability of a resource;

the planning and recording of resource provision;

the allocation and issuing of a resource;

the relationships between allocated resources and the corresponding resource requirements.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1282: Application module: Resource management characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1282: Module d'application: Gestion de ressources caractérisée

ISO/TS 10303-1282:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource management characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1282:2004:

the identification of managed resources;

the association of dates, times, people, and other management information with managed resources;

the association of approvals and conditions with managed resources;

the association of documents with managed resources;

the association of justifications with  managed resources;

the association of properties with managed resources.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1273: Application module: Resource property assignment

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1273: Module d'application: Application de propriété de ressource

ISO/TS 10303-1273:2004 specifies the application module for
         Resource property assignment.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1273:2004:

                 the definition of a property that may be associated with a resource or related element;

                 the representation of a property that may be associated with  a resource or related element;

                 the use of an independent property in the definition of a resource;

the means to assign a property to a resource or related element.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1276: Application module: Location

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1276: Module d'application: Emplacement

ISO/TS 10303-1276:2004 specifies the application module for
         Location.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1276:2004:

the geographic position  of products, resource items or activities;

EXAMPLE
                  A product may be located by latitude, longitude, and altitude or depth.

the specification of location by use of organizational based codes;

the specification of location by postal address, including nested addresses;

the specification of location by product based codes, or zone within a product, including nested locations;

the  location relative to another location.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1277: Application module: Location assignment

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1277: Module d'application: Attribution d'emplacement

ISO/TS 10303-1277:2004 specifies the application module for
         Location assignment.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1277:2004:

the association of location with a product, event, activity, or person;

the valid use of a association of a location with other data.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1358: Application module: Location assignment characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1358: Module d'application: Attribution d'emplacement caractérisée

ISO/TS 10303-1358:2004 specifies the application module for
         Location assignment characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1358:2004:

the association of approvals, dates, times, people, and organizations with locations;

the specification of circumstances for which the assignment of a location is valid.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1252: Application module: Probability

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1252: Module d'application: Probabilité

ISO/TS 10303-1252:2004 specifies the application module for
         Probability.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1252:2004:

the specification of a numerical value for a probability;

the specification of probability by classification;

the designation of persons or organizations specifying the probability.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1274: Application module: Probability distribution

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1274: Module d'application: Distribution de probabilité

ISO/TS 10303-1274:2004 specifies the application module for
         Probability distribution.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1274:2004:

the identification and description of a probability distribution;

the specification of the mean and variance of a probability distribution ;

the association of additional numerical parameters with a probability distribution;

the specification of an empirically derived probability distributions.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1258: Application module: Observation

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1258: Module d'application: Observation

ISO/TS 10303-1258:2004 specifies the application module for
         Observation.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1258:2004:

the observation of historical facts about products, resources, and activities which are otherwise outside of the scope of
            the standard;

the association of an observation to the thing observed;

the association of an observation to its context;

the association of an observation to the actual activity taking place when it was observed;

the association of the observation with the observer;

the association of the observation to its consequences;

the association of observations with each other;

the aggregation of observations;

the record of the date and time that the observation was made;

the classification of the observation;

the formal verification or confirmation of the observation.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1306: Application module: AP239 task specification resourced

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1306: Module d'application: Spécification de tâche de l'AP239 avec ressources

ISO/TS 10303-1306:2005 specifies the application module for
         AP239 task specification resourced.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1306:2005:

the identification of resources required by tasks;

the identification of products to which tasks are assigned;

the association of properties with task specifications;

the association of dates, times, people, approvals and other management data with task specifications;

 the specification of conditions under which a task falls due;

the association of a justification and a probability with a task assignment to a product, or a resource assignment to a task;

the association of a location with a task or resource.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1307: Application module: AP239 work definition

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1307: Module d'application: Définition de travail de l'AP239

ISO/TS 10303-1307:2005 specifies the application module for
         AP239 work definition.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1307:2005:

the plans and schedules for work to be performed;

the association of task specifications with plans and schedules;

the association of meta data with plans and schedules;

the association of resources and outputs with plans and schedules;

the location and quantification of planned and actual resources within a supply chain.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1286: Application module: Work order characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1286: Module d'application: Ordre de travail caractérisé

ISO/TS 10303-1286:2004 specifies the application module for
         Work order characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1286:2004:

the specification of the definitions needed
            to assign management resource information to a work order  or a class of work orders;

the specification of the definitions needed to classify work orders;

the classification of a work order.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1285: Application module: Work request characterized

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1285: Module d'application: Demande de travail caractérisée

ISO/TS 10303-1285:2004 specifies the application module for
         Work request characterized.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1285:2004:

the specification of the definitions needed
            to assign management resource information to a work request or a class of work requests;

the specification of the definitions needed to classify work requests;

the classification of a work request.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1292: Application module: AP239 product definition information

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1292: Module d'application: Informations sur la définition de produit de l'AP239

ISO/TS 10303-1292:2005 specifies the application module for
         AP239 product definition information.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1292:2005:

                 the representation of parts, their versions, their definitions, and their
                 management information, such as dates, that are assigned to them;

                 the representation of assignments of an identifier and alias identifications to parts and their versions;

                 the representation of characterization views of a version of a part;

the
                 representation of the data that identify a product and the categories of products it belongs to;

the
                 representation of relationships between versions of products;

the
                 representation of context-dependent relationships between definitions of product versions;

the
                 representation of the composition of an assembly as parent-child
                 relationships between views on products;

the
                 representation of the shape of an assembly as the composition of the
                 shape representation of its components;

the
                 association of valued properties to a part or to an assembly;

the
                 association of documentation to a part or to an assembly;

the
                 identification of positions within an assembly of parts to which
                 component parts may be attached;

the
                 identification of parts that are attached to identified positions
                 within an assembly;

                 the identification of a breakdown of a product or product_as_individual;

                 the identification of the elements that comprise a breakdown;

                 the identification of parent-child relationships between breakdown elements;

                 the identification of relationships between elements in different breakdowns;

            the     representation of the replacement of a product by another;

the
                 representation and classification of documents and document
                 information that may apply to part definition information;

the
                 representation of properties of objects, their values and types, and classifications;

the
                 representation of information that records the identification of an
                 existing or potential future artifact - an actual product whose properties
                 can only be known by observation or by derivation from observations;

the
                 representation of interfaces between products;

the
                 representation of the life cycle phase of existing interfaces between
                 actual products (as realized), and includes planned interfaces between
                 planned products;

the
                 representation of relationships between requirements and items to
                 which they are assigned, and between requirements and the items which are
                 their source;

the
                 representation of the information that identify a requirement and
                 versions of requirements;

the
                 representation of characterization views of a requirement version;

the
                 representation of relationships between requirements which are expressed as
                 relationships between requirement view definitions;

the
                 representation of a type of state;

the
                 representation of an observed state;

the
                 identification of the configuration of a product for a given product concept;

the
                 specification of effectivity constraints applied to configuration of a product.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1357: Application module: Selected item

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1357: Module d'application: Élément sélectionné

ISO/TS 10303-1357:2004 specifies the application module for
         Selected item.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1357:2004:

                 the identification of product information selected for
                 configuration management activities.


Market, opinion and social research — Vocabulary and service requirements

Études de marché, études sociales et d'opinion — Vocabulaire et exigences de service

ISO 20252:2006 establishes the terms and definitions as well as the service requirements for organizations and professionals conducting market, opinion and social research.


Pulps — Preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing — Part 1: Conventional sheet-former method

Pâtes — Préparation des feuilles de laboratoire pour essais physiques — Partie 1: Méthode de la formette conventionnelle

ISO 5269-1:2005 specifies a method, using a conventional sheet former, for the preparation of laboratory sheets of pulp for the purpose of carrying out subsequent physical tests on these sheets in order to assess the relevant properties of the pulp itself.

ISO 5269-1:2005 is applicable to most kinds of pulp. It is not suitable for some pulps with very long fibres, such as those made from unshortened cotton, flax and similar materials.

This method is not suitable for the preparation of laboratory sheets for the determination of diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) in accordance with ISO 3688


Pulps — Preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing — Part 2: Rapid-Köthen method

Pâtes — Préparation des feuilles de laboratoire pour essais physiques — Partie 2: Méthode Rapid-Köthen

ISO 5269-2:2004 specifies a method, using a Rapid-Köthen sheet former, for the preparation of laboratory sheets of pulp for the purpose of carrying out subsequent physical tests on these sheets in order to assess the relevant properties of the pulp itself.

ISO 5269-2:2004 is applicable to most kinds of pulp. It is not suitable for some pulps with very long fibres, such as those made from unshortened cotton, flax and similar materials.

This method is not suitable for the preparation of laboratory sheets for the determination of diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) in accordance with ISO 3688.


Information technology — Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) — Part 3: Rule-based validation — Schematron

Technologies de l'information — Langage de définition de shéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 3: Validation de regles orientées — Schematron


Information technology — Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) — Part 5: Datatypes

Technologies de l'information — Langage de définition de shéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 5: Types de données


Information technology — Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) — Part 6: Path-based integrity constraints

Technologies de l'information — Langage de définition de shéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 6: Contraintes d'intégrité de chemin orienté


Information technology — Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) — Part 7: Character repertoire validation

Technologies de l'information — Langage de définition de shéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 7: Validation de repertoire de caractères


Information technology — Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) — Part 8: Declarative document manipulation

Technologies de l'information — Langage de définition de shéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 8: Manipulation déclarative de documents


Information technology — Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) — Part 9: Datatype- and namespace-aware DTDs

Technologies de l'information — Langage de définition de shéma de documents (DSDL) — Partie 9:


Cosmetics — Comparative list of preservatives for use in cosmetics by means of reference

Cosmétiques — Liste de comparaison des agents de conservation à utiliser en cosmétiques par moyen de référence


Medical devices utilizing animal tissues and their derivatives — Part 1: Application of risk management

Dispositifs médicaux utilisant des tissus animaux et leurs dérivés — Partie 1: Application de la gestion des risques

ISO 22442-1:2007 applies to medical devices other than in vitro diagnostic medical devices manufactured utilizing materials of animal origin, which are non-viable or have been rendered non-viable. It specifies, in conjunction with ISO 14971, a procedure to identify the hazards and hazardous situations associated with such devices, to estimate and evaluate the resulting risks, to control these risks, and to monitor the effectiveness of that control. Furthermore, it outlines the decision process for the residual risk acceptability, taking into account the balance of residual risk, as defined in ISO 14971, and expected medical benefit as compared to available alternatives. ISO 22442-1:2007 is intended to provide requirements and guidance on risk management related to the hazards typical of medical devices manufactured utilizing animal tissues or derivatives such as:

contamination by bacteria, moulds or yeasts;

contamination by viruses;

contamination by agents causing Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE);

material responsible for undesired pyrogenic, immunological or toxicological reactions.


Medical devices utilizing animal tissues and their derivatives — Part 2: Controls on sourcing, collection and handling

Dispositifs médicaux utilisant des tissus animaux et leurs dérivés — Partie 2: Contrôles de l'origine, de la collecte et du traitement

ISO 22442-2:2007 specifies requirements for controls on the sourcing, collection and handling (which includes storage and transport) of animals and tissues for the manufacture of medical devices utilizing materials of animal origin, other than in vitro diagnostic medical devices. It applies where required by the risk management process as described in ISO 22442-1.


Medical devices utilizing animal tissues and their derivatives — Part 3:  Validation of the elimination and/or inactivation of viruses and transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) agents

Dispositifs médicaux utilisant des tissus animaux et leurs dérivés — Partie 3: Validation de l'élimination et/ou de l'inactivation des virus et autres agents responsables d'encéphalopathie spongiforme transmissible (EST)

ISO 22442-3:2007 specifies requirements for the validation of the elimination and/or inactivation of viruses and TSE agents during the manufacture of medical devices (excluding in vitro diagnostic medical devices) utilizing animal tissue or products derived from animal tissue, which are non-viable or have been rendered non-viable. It applies where required by the risk management process as described in ISO 22442-1. It does not cover other transmissible and non-transmissible agents.


Information technology — SEDRIS — Part 2: Abstract transmittal format

Technologies de l'information — SEDRIS — Partie 2: Format de transmission abstrait

ISO/IEC 18023-2:2006 specifies the abstract syntax of a SEDRIS transmittal. Actual encodings (e.g. binary encoding) are specified in other parts of ISO/IEC 18023.


Test facilities for agricultural irrigation equipment

Installations d'essais pour le matériel agricole d'irrigation

ISO/TR 15155:2005 is intended to provide guidance on the design, selection, installation and use of the equipment required to establish basic test facilities for irrigation equipment evaluation. Its purpose is to provide information sufficient to complement the detailed procedures included in ISO 9261, ISO 15886, ISO 7714, ISO 9635, ISO 9644, ISO 9911, ISO 9952 and ISO 10522 for the testing of agricultural irrigation system components, specifically: emitters, sprinklers and valves.


Tubeless tyres — Valves and components — Test methods

Pneumatiques sans chambre — Valves et composants — Méthodes d'essai

ISO 14960:2004 specifies test methods and performance requirements for snap-in tubeless tyre valves and their components, intended for, but not limited to, highway applications.


Fork-lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical characteristics and testing

Chariots élévateurs à fourches — Bras de fourche — Caractéristiques techniques et essais


Rubber and plastics hoses — Determination of adhesion between components

Tuyaux en caoutchouc et en plastique — Détermination de l'adhérence entre éléments

Adequate adhesion between the various components of a hose is essential if it is to perform satisfactorily in service. ISO 8033:2006 specifies methods for the determination of the adhesion between lining and reinforcement, between cover and reinforcement, between reinforcement layers, between cover and outer lamination (thin layer of material outside the cover for protection) and between lining and inner lamination (thin layer of material inside the lining to reduce permeation of fluid into the lining). It covers all bore sizes and the following types of hose construction:

woven textile fabric;

braided textile fabric;

knitted textile fabric;

circular-woven textile fabric;

textile spiral;

textile cord;

wire braid;

wire spiral;

hoses containing a supporting helix.


Plastics hose — General-purpose collapsible water hose, textile-reinforced — Specification

Tuyaux plastiques — Tuyaux d'eau écrasables d'usage général renforcés textiles — Spécifications

ISO 8029:2007 specifies the requirements for four types of textile-reinforced thermoplastics collapsible water hoses for general applications for use in the temperature range of -10 °C to +55 °C.

Such hoses are classified into four types, as follows:

low pressure, designed for a maximum working pressure of up to 4,0 bar at 23 °C and up to 2,0 bar at 55 °C;

medium pressure, for a maximum working pressure of up to 7,0 bar at 23 °C and up to 3,6 bar at 55 °C;

high pressure, for a maximum working pressure of up to 10,0 bar at 23 °C and up to 5,1 bar at 55 °C;

extra-high pressure, for a maximum working pressure of up to 15,5 bar at 23 °C and up to 7,9 bar at 55 °C.

The standard does not apply to products used for fire-fighting or the conveyance of drinking water.


Machinery for forestry — Portable chain-saw safety requirements and testing — Part 2: Chain-saws for tree service

Matériel forestier — Exigences de sécurité et essais des scies à chaîne portatives — Partie 2: Scies à chaîne pour l'élagage des arbres

ISO 11681-2:2006 specifies safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of portable combustion-engine, hand-held chain-saws for tree service, having a maximum mass, without guide bar or saw chain and with tanks empty, equal to 4,3 kg, and designed for use by a trained operator for pruning and dismantling standing tree crowns.

It gives methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the use of the chain-saws. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.

It deals with all significant hazards. The environmental aspects, except for noise, have not been considered.

The chain-saws covered are designed to be operated with the right hand on the rear handle and the left hand on the front handle by persons having read and understood the safety requirements in the instruction handbook and using the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

ISO 11681-2:2006 is not applicable to chain-saws manufactured before its date of publication.


Materials for the production of primary aluminium — Dense refractory bricks — Determination of cryolite resistance

Matériaux pour la production de l'aluminium de première fusion — Briques réfractaires denses — Détermination de la résistance de la cryolite

ISO 20292:2009 covers materials for the production of primary aluminium.

ISO 20292:2009 specifies a method for the determination of the resistance of dense refractory bricks to cryolite melt with excess sodium fluoride.


Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 10: Tests for irritation and delayed-type hypersensitivity — Amendment 1

Évaluation biologique des dispositifs médicaux — Partie 10: Essais d'irritation et d'hypersensibilité retardée — Amendement 1


General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories  — Amendment 1

Prescriptions générales concernant la compétence des laboratoires d'étalonnages et d'essais — Amendement 1


Rubber and plastics hose and hose assemblies — Guidance to the layout of ISO and CEN standards


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 439: Application module: AP239 product life cycle support

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 439: Module d'application: Cycle de vie du produit relatif à l'AP239

ISO/TS 10303-439:2005 specifies the application module for
         AP239 product life cycle support.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-439:2005:

                 information for defining a complex product and its support solution;

                 information required to maintain a complex product;

                 information required for through life configuration change management
                 of a product and its support solution;

                 the representation of product assemblies including:

                           the identification and representation of parts, their versions,
                           definitions, and documentation and management
                           information, such as dates and approvals assigned to parts;

                           the representation of multiple product structure views and product breakdowns;

                           the representation of the shape of an assembly as the composition of the
                           shape representation of its components;

                           the identification of positions within an assembly of parts to which
                           component parts may be attached;

                           the association of valued properties to a part or to an assembly;

                           the representation of interfaces between products;

                           the classification of parts, documents and assemblies.

                 the representation of a product through life including:

                           the representation of product requirements and their fulfilment;

                           the representation of existing or potential future products;

                           the identification of the configuration of a product for a given role;

                           the specification of effectivity constraints applied to configuration of a product;

                           the representation of predicted and observed states of products.

                 the specification and planning of activities for a product including:

                           the specification of tasks to be performed on a product;

                           the representation of conditions for performing the tasks, including the resources
                           required and the location of the resources and product;

                           the representation of the type of person and skills required for
                           performing a task;

                           the representation of planning and scheduling of the tasks and the
                           management and authorization of the subsequent work.

                 the representation of the activity history of a product including:

                           the recording of the usage of a product and the
                           resource usage;

                           the recording of the activities performed on a product and the
                           resource usage.

                 the representation of the product history including:

                          a historical record of the states of a product;

                          a historical record of the configuration status of the product;

                           the location of product data;

                           the observation of product data.


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 2: Visual — Amendment 1: Error resilient simple scalable profile

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 2: Codage visuel — Amendement 1: Profil d'escalade simple résilient d'erreur


Water quality — Detection and enumeration of Legionella — Part 1: General method

Qualité de l'eau — Recherche et dénombrement des Legionella — Partie 1: Méthode générale


Petroleum and natural gas industries — Design and operating limits of drill strings with aluminium alloy components

Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Conception et limites de fonctionnement des garnitures de forage en alliage d'aluminium

ISO 20312:2011 applies to design and operating limits for drill strings containing aluminium alloy pipes manufactured in accordance with ISO 15546.


Paper and board — Determination of colour by diffuse reflectance — Part 3: Indoor illumination conditions (D50/2 degrees)

Papier et carton — Détermination de la couleur par réflectance diffuse — Partie 3: Conditions d'éclairage intérieur (D50/2 degrés)

ISO 5631-3:2008 specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss.

ISO 5631-3:2008 is primarily intended for measuring the colour of paper and board to be used in the graphic arts industry where that industry specifies the measurement of colour under D50/2° conditions in accordance with ISO 13655.

The method may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards that contain fluorescent whitening agents, provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470-1.

ISO 5631-3:2008 is not applicable to coloured papers or boards that incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1287: Application module: AP239 activity recording

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1287: Module d'application: Enregistrement d'activité de l'AP239

ISO/TS 10303-1287:2005 specifies the application module AP239 activity recording. The following are within the scope of this part of ISO 10303:

recording the usage of a product;

recording the maintenance activities on a product;

recording the use of resources during usage of a product;

recording the use of resources during the maintenance of a product;

recording observations against a product or its support solution;

relating the record of an activity to the work order, work request and work definition from which it arose.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1304: Application module: AP239 product status recording

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1304: Module d'application: Enregistrement des états de produit de l'AP239

ISO/TS 10303-1304:2005 specifies the application module for
         AP239 product status recording.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1304:2005:

assignment of an observed state to an identified product or product group;

assignment of an observed state to a connection, interface or other relationship between two products;

relating an activity to the assignment of an observed state;

assignment of a justification for an observed state;

assignment of a location to a product or product group;

assignment of an activity to the assessment of an observed state;

addition of an product or product group to the context for an observation;

association of a translation in a particular language of an observation and observation consequence.


Graphic technology — Input data for characterization of 4-colour process printing — Part 2: Expanded data set

Technologie graphique — Données d'entrée pour caractérisation d'impression en quadrichromie — Partie 2: Ensemble de données élargies

ISO 12642-2:2006 defines a data set of ink value combinations that is intended to be used to characterize four-colour process printing. This data set is not optimized for any printing process or application area but is robust enough for all general applications. The needs of publication, commercial, and package printing with offset, gravure, flexography, and other printing processes have been considered. While it is primarily aimed at process colour printing with CMYK inks, it can also be used with any combination of three chromatic coloured inks and a dark ink. It is an alternate to the ISO 12642-1 data set where more robust data is required.


Nuclear energy — Radioactive waste — Guideline for Gamma-Ray spectrometric measurement of radioactive waste packages using HPGe detectors

Guide normalisé pour mesurages spectrométriques par rayons gamma des colis de déchets radioactify en utilisant des détecteurs HPGE


Green coffee — Guidelines on methods of specification

Café vert — Lignes directrices sur les méthodes de spécification

ISO 9116:2004 gives guidance on methods to be used to describe green coffee for sale and purchase, and is based on the terms of contract used in the international coffee trade.

It also recommends procedures for sampling, packing, marking, storage and shipping of green coffee.

It is applicable to green coffee as defined in ISO 3509.


Milk fat products — Determination of water content — Karl Fischer method

Produits à base de matière grasse laitière — Détermination de la teneur en eau — Méthode de Karl Fischer


Cranes — Proof of competence of steel structures — Part 1: General

Appareils de levage à charge suspendue — Vérification d'aptitude des structures en acier — Partie 1: Généralités


Certificate management for financial services — Part 1: Public key certificates

Gestion de certificats pour les services financiers — Partie 1: Certificats de clé publique


Graphic technology — Colour and transparency of printing ink sets for four-colour printing — Part 1: Sheet-fed and heat-set web offset lithographic printing

Technologie graphique — Couleur et transparence des gammes d'encre d'impression en quadrichromie — Partie 1: Impression lithographique offset sur feuilles et à chaud

ISO 2846-1:2006 specifies the colour and transparency characteristics that have to be met by each ink in a process colour ink set intended for proof and production printing using offset lithography. The specified printing conditions (which use a laboratory printability tester), the defined substrate and a method for testing to ensure conformance are also defined. Characteristics are specified for inks used for sheet-fed, heat-set web and radiation-curing processes.


Rigid cellular plastics — Spray-applied polyurethane foam for thermal insulation — Part 1: Material specifications

Plastiques alvéolaires rigides — Mousse de polyuréthanne projetée pour l'isolation thermique — Partie 1: Spécifications des matériaux

ISO 8873-1:2006 specifies minimum requirements and test methods for spray-applied polyurethane rigid cellular plastic, used as a thermal insulation for both building, whether applied on a building site or in a prefabrication (manufacturing) facility, and non-building applications. The material is also known as in-situ thermal insulation.

The spray-applied polyurethane rigid cellular plastic thermal insulation is not to be used when the continuous service temperature of the substrate is outside the range of -60 °C to +80 °C.

The test methods used to determine the material properties provide a means of comparing different cellular plastic thermal insulations. They are intended for use in specifications, product evaluations and quality control. They are not intended to predict end-use product performance.


Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to cyclic corrosion conditions — Part 1: Wet (salt fog)/dry/humidity

Peintures et vernis — Détermination de la résistance aux conditions de corrosion cyclique — Partie 1: Brouillard salin/sécheresse/humidité

ISO 11997-1:2005 describes a method for the determination of the resistance of coatings to one of four defined cycles of wet (salt fog)/dry/humidity conditions using specified solutions.


Technical product documentation — Document management

Documentation technique de produits — Gestion de documents

ISO 11442:2006 specifies basic rules for the management of technical documents.


Hydrometry — Water level measuring devices

Hydrométrie — Appareils de mesure du niveau de l'eau

ISO 4373:2008 specifies the functional requirements of instrumentation for measuring the level of water surface (stage), primarily for the purpose of determining flow rates. An informative annex provides guidance on the types of water level measurement devices currently available and the measurement uncertainty associated with them.


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 3: Audio — Amendment 2: Parametric coding for high-quality audio

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 3: Codage audio — Amendement 2: Codage paramétrique pour le codage audio de haute qualité


Aluminium oxide primarily used for the production of aluminium — Determination of specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption

Oxyde d'aluminium principalement utilisé pour la production de l'aluminium  — Détermination de la surface spécifique par adsorption d'azote

ISO 8008:2005 specifies an instrumental method for the determination of specific surface area of smelter-grade alumina by nitrogen adsorption by a single- or multi-point method. A multi-point method is recommended due to the higher accuracy obtained; if a single-point method is used, a lower result will be obtained.

ISO 8008:2005 is applicable to aluminas having a surface area between 50 m2/g and 90 m2/g.


Sterilization of health care products — Method for validation of a biological indicator incubation period

Stérilisation des produits de santé — Méthode de validation d'une période d'incubation d'indicateur biologique


Pore size distribution and porosity of solid materials by mercury porosimetry and gas adsorption — Part 1: Mercury porosimetry

Distribution des dimensions des pores et porosité des matériaux solides par porosimétrie au mercure et par adsorption de gaz — Partie 1: Porosimétrie au mercure

ISO 15901-1:2005 describes a method for the evaluation of the pore size distribution and the specific surface in pores of solids by mercury porosimetry according to the method of Ritter and Drake. ISO 15901-1:2005 describes a comparative test, usually destructive due to mercury contamination, in which the volume of mercury penetrating a pore or void is determined as a function of an applied hydrostatic pressure, which can be related to a pore diameter.

Practical considerations presently limit the maximum applied absolute pressure to about 400 MPa (60 000 psia) corresponding to a minimum equivalent pore diameter of approximately 0,003 m. The maximum diameter is limited for samples having a significant depth due to the difference in hydrostatic head of mercury from the top to the bottom of the sample. For the most purposes, this limit can be regarded as 400 m. ISO 15901-1:2005 applies to inter-particle and intra-particle porosity but cannot distinguish between these porosities where they co-exist.

ISO 15901-1:2005 is suitable for the study of most non-wettable, by mercury, porous materials. Samples that amalgamate with mercury, such as certain metals, e.g. gold, aluminium, reduced copper, reduced nickel and silver, can be unsuitable for this technique or can require a preliminary passivation.


Pore size distribution and porosity of solid materials by mercury porosimetry and gas adsorption — Part 2: Analysis of mesopores and macropores by gas adsorption

Distribution des dimensions des pores et porosité des matériaux solides par porosimétrie au mercure et par adsorption de gaz — Partie 2: Analyse des mésopores et des macropores par adsorption de gaz

ISO 15901-2:2006 describes a method for the evaluation of porosity and pore size distribution by gas adsorption. It is a comparative, rather than an absolute test. The method is limited to the determination of the quantity of a gas adsorbed per unit mass of sample at a controlled, constant temperature.

ISO 15901-2:2006 does not specify the use of a particular adsorptive gas, however nitrogen is the adsorptive gas most commonly used in such methods. Similarly, the temperature of liquid nitrogen is the analysis temperature most commonly used. Use is sometimes made of other adsorptive gases, including argon, carbon dioxide and krypton, and other analysis temperatures, including those of liquid argon and solid carbon dioxide. In the case of nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature, the basis of this method is to measure the quantity of nitrogen adsorbed at 77 K as a function of its relative pressure.

Traditionally, nitrogen adsorption is most appropriate for pores in the approximate range of widths 0,4 nm to 50 nm. Improvements in temperature control and pressure measurement now allow larger pore widths to be evaluated. ISO 15901-2:2006 describes the calculation of mesopore size distribution between 2 nm and 50 nm, and of macropore distribution up to 100 nm.

The method described in ISO 15901-2:2006 is suitable for a wide range of porous materials, even though the pore structure of certain materials is sometimes modified by pretreatment or cooling.

Two groups of procedures are specified to determine the amount of gas adsorbed:

those which depend on the measurement of the amount of gas removed from the gas phase (i.e. gas volumetric methods), and

those which involve the measurement of the uptake of the gas by the adsorbent (i.e. direct determination of increase in mass by gravimetric methods).

In practice, static or dynamic techniques can be used to determine the amount of gas adsorbed. To derive pore size distribution from the isotherm, it is necessary to apply one or more mathematical models, which entails simplifying certain basic assumptions.


Representation of results of particle size analysis — Part 3: Adjustment of an experimental curve to a reference model

Représentation de données obtenues par analyse granulométrique — Partie 3: Ajustement d'une courbe expérimentale à un modèle de référence

ISO 9276-3:2008 specifies methods for the adjustment of an experimental curve to a reference model with respect to a statistical background. Furthermore, the evaluation of the residual deviations, after the adjustment, is also specified. The reference model can also serve as a target size distribution for maintaining product quality.

ISO 9276-3:2008 specifies procedures that are applicable to the following reference models: a) normal distribution (Laplace-Gauss): powders obtained by precipitation, condensation or natural products (pollens); b) log-normal distribution (Galton MacAlister): powders obtained by grinding or crushing; c) Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann distribution (bilogarithmic): analysis of the extreme values of the fine particle distributions; d) Rosin-Rammler distribution: analysis of the extreme values of the coarse particle distributions; e) any other model or combination of models, if a non-linear fit method is used.

ISO 9276-3:2008 can substantially support product quality assurance or process optimization related to particle size distribution analysis.


Representation of results of particle size analysis — Part 5: Methods of calculation relating to particle size analyses using logarithmic normal probability distribution

Représentation de données obtenues par analyse granulométrique — Partie 5: Méthodes de calcul relatif à l'analyse granulométrique à l'aide de la distribution de probabilité logarithmique normale

The main objective of ISO 9276-5:2005 is to provide the background for the representation of a cumulative particle size distribution which follows a logarithmic normal probability distribution, as a means by which calculations performed using particle size distribution functions may be unequivocally checked. The design of logarithmic normal probability graph paper is explained, as well as the calculation of moments, median diameters, average diameters, and volume-specific surface area. Logarithmic normal probability distributions are often suitable for the representation of cumulative particle size distributions of any dimensionality. Their particular advantage lies in the fact that cumulative distributions, such as number-, length-, area-, volume- or mass-distributions, are represented by parallel lines, all of whose locations may be determined from a knowledge of the location of any one.


Representation of results of particle size analysis — Part 6: Descriptive and quantitative representation of particle shape and morphology

Représentation de données obtenues par analyse granulométrique — Partie 6: Description et représentation quantitative de la forme et de la morphologie des particules

ISO 9276-6:2008 specifies rules and nomenclature for the description and quantitative representation of particle shape and morphology. To achieve a more comprehensive description of a particle or particle system, particle size information can be used together with other information but, in most cases, the particle size information cannot be replaced.

The averaging of shape over all particles in a sample has been shown to be an ineffective approach. Distributions of other particle characteristics are required in addition to particle size distributions (see ISO 9276‑1).

The relevance, to technological applications, of any method of representing particle shape is the deciding factor in its use. Therefore this part of ISO 9276 is restricted to methods which can be correlated with physical properties in industrial applications.

The aim of particle analysis is to determine the most appropriate characterization method for a particular application. This implies a profound understanding of the relationship between particle characteristics and macroscopic product and process properties (or at least a database of broad empirical data).

Problems of shape and morphology would normally be three-dimensional problems, but most definitions in this part of ISO 9276 are in fact given for two dimensions because of the widespread use of image analysis methods.


Road transport and traffic telematics — Electronic fee collection  — Test procedures for user and fixed equipment — Part 1: Description of test procedures

Télématique de la circulation et du transport routier — Perception du télépéage — Modes opératoires relatifs aux équipements embarqués et aux équipements fixes — Partie 1: Description des modes opératoires

ISO/TS 14907-1:2005 specifies the test procedures of EFC road-side equipment (RSE) and on-board equipment (OBE) with regard to the conformance to standards and requirements for type approval and acceptance testing which is specifically within the realm of EFC application.

The scope of ISO/TS 14907-1:2005 is restricted to systems operating within the radio emission, EMC regulations, traffic and other regulations of the countries in which they are operated.

ISO/TS 14907-1:2005 identifies a set of suitable parameters and provides test procedures to enable the proof of a complete EFC system as well as components of an EFC system, e.g. OBE related to the defined requirements of an application. The defined parameter and tests are assigned to the following parameter groups:

Functionality;

Quality;

Referenced pre-tests.


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 4: Conformance testing — Amendment 5: Conformance extensions for error-resilient simple scalable profile

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 4: Essai de conformité — Amendement 5: Extensions de conformité pour profil <<error-resilient simple scalable>>


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 5: Reference software — Amendment 5: Reference software extensions for error resilient simple scalable profile

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 5: Logiciel de référence — Amendement 5: Extensions du logiciel de référence pour profil simple adaptable résilient aux erreurs


Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 13: Repeated liquid strike-through time

Textiles — Méthodes d'essai pour nontissés — Partie 13: Temps de transpercement successifs des liquides

ISO 9073-13:2006 specifies a test method for measuring the strike-through time (STT) for each of three subsequent doses of liquid (simulated urine) applied to the surface of a test piece of nonwoven coverstock. The STT is defined as the time taken for a known volume of liquid to pass through the nonwoven that is in contact with an underlying dry standard absorbent pad.

This test method is intended for quality control and is designed for comparison of STT for different nonwoven coverstocks. It does not simulate in-use conditions for finished products.


Textiles — Test methods for nonwovens — Part 14: Coverstock wetback

Textiles — Méthodes d'essai pour nontissés — Partie 14: Remouillage de l'enveloppe

ISO 9073-14:2006 specifies a test method to examine the ability of diaper coverstock to resist the transport back onto the skin of a liquid which has already penetrated the coverstock. This test corresponds with the repeated liquid strike-through time described in ISO 9073-13.

This test method is intended for quality control and is designed for comparison of wetback for different nonwoven coverstocks and treatments. It does not simulate in-use conditions for finished products.


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 11: Scene description and application engine — Amendment 2:  Advanced text and 2D graphics

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 11: Description de scène et moteur d'application — Amendement 2: .


Information technology — Multimedia content description interface — Part 1: Systems — Amendment 1: Systems extensions

Technologies de l'information — Interface de description du contenu multimédia — Partie 1: Systèmes — Amendement 1: Extensions des systèmes


Protective clothing for users of hand-held chain-saws — Part 6: Test methods and performance requirements for upper body protectors

Vêtements de protection pour utilisateurs de scies à chaîne tenues à la main — Partie 6: Méthodes d'essai et exigences pour vestes de protection

ISO 11393-6:2007 specifies requirements for the protection offered by upper body protectors against cutting by a hand-held chain-saw.

It also specifies the procedures for sampling and pre-treatment of upper body protectors, the measurement of the protective coverage, the apparatus and test methods for assessing resistance to cutting, and the practical performance test for evaluating ergonomic properties.


Imaging materials — Digital hard copy for medical imaging — Methods for measuring permanence


Optics and photonics — Microscopes — Immersion liquids for light microscopy

Optique et photonique — Microscopes — Liquides d'immersion pour microscopie optique

ISO 8036:2006 describes the characteristics of immersion liquids used in microscopy. It classifies immersion liquids according to their field of application and specifies requirements and test methods for each type.

The standard further specifies a system of designation for immersion liquids, the information to be included on container labels and the information to be supplied in technical data sheets.


Compressed-air dryers — Specifications and testing

Sécheurs à air comprimé — Spécifications et essais

ISO 7183:2007 specifies the performance data that are necessary to state and applicable test methods for different types of compressed air dryers. It is applicable to compressed air dryers working with an effective (gauge) pressure of more than 50 kPa (0,5 bar), but less than or equal to 1 600 kPa (16 bar) and include the following: adsorption dryers, membrane dryers, refrigeration dryers (including drying by cooling) or a combination of these.

A description is given of the principles of operation of the dryers within the scope of ISO 7183:2007.

ISO 7183:2007 identifies test methods for measuring dryer parameters that include the following: pressure dew point, flow rate, pressure drop, compressed-air loss, power consumption and noise emission.

ISO 7183:2007 also provides partial-load tests for determining the performance of energy saving devices or measures and describes the mounting, operating and loading conditions of dryers for the measurement of noise.

ISO 7183:2007 is not applicable to the following types of dryers or drying processes: absorption dryers, drying by over-compression and integral dryers.


Paints and varnishes — Determination of hiding power — Part 3: Determination of contrast ratio of light-coloured paints at a fixed spreading rate

Peintures et vernis — Détermination du pouvoir masquant — Partie 3: Détermination du rapport de contraste des peintures claires à un rendement surfacique déterminé

ISO 6504-3:2006 describes methods for determining the opacity (by contrast ratio measurement) given by paint films of white or light colours of tristimulus value Y greater than 25, applied at a spreading rate of 20 m2/l to a black and white chart or to colourless transparent polyester foil. In the latter case, the tristimulus value Y is measured subsequently over black and white glass panels.


Paints and varnishes — Determination of hiding power — Part 1: Kubelka-Munk method for white and light-coloured paints

Peintures et vernis — Détermination du pouvoir masquant — Partie 1: Méthode de Kubelka-Munk pour les peintures blanches et les peintures claires


Paints and varnishes — Pendulum damping test

Peintures et vernis — Essai d'amortissement du pendule

ISO 1522:2006 specifies two methods of carrying out a pendulum damping test on a coating of paint, varnish or other, related, product. It is applicable to single coatings and to multicoat systems.


Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to liquids — Part 2: Water immersion method

Peintures et vernis — Détermination de la résistance aux liquides — Partie 2: Méthode par immersion dans l'eau

ISO 2812-2:2007 specifies a method for determining the resistance of an individual-layer or multi-layer system of coating materials to the effects of water by partial or full immersion.

This method enables the determination of the effects of water on the coating and, if necessary, the assessment of the damage to the substrate.


Rigid cellular plastics — Spray-applied polyurethane foam for thermal insulation — Part 2: Application

Plastiques alvéolaires rigides — Mousse de polyuréthanne projetée pour l'isolation thermique — Partie 2: Application

ISO 8873-2:2007 outlines requirements for the application of rigid cellular plastic spray polyurethane foam for thermal insulation. The primary application of the material is for use as thermal insulation. Spray polyurethane foam can also be used as the air barrier material which forms part of an air barrier assembly in buildings. Under specific application conditions, the material can be used in vapour barrier applications in a building assembly (details of the conditions can be obtained from the manufacturer). The application requirements are for the installation of spray polyurethane foam whether applied on a building site or in a prefabrication (manufacturing) facility.

ISO 8873-2:2007 can be used for non-building applications when agreed to by the supplier and the purchaser.

The requirements include obligations for the manufacturer, the contractor and the installer. The requirements include the selection of chemical components, application requirements, quality control and documentation of the application, limitations for the application and requirements for safety and for disposal of associated waste material and packaging.


Rigid cellular plastics — Spray-applied polyurethane foam for thermal insulation — Part 3: Test methods

Plastiques alvéolaires rigides — Mousse de polyuréthanne projetée pour l'isolation thermique — Partie 3: Méthodes d'essai

ISO 8873-3:2007 specifies the test procedures that are to be used when testing spray-applied polyurethane foam materials to verify that they meet the requirements given in ISO 8873-1:2006.


Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of apparent density

Caoutchoucs et plastiques alvéolaires — Détermination de la masse volumique apparente

ISO 845:2006 specifies a method for determining the apparent overall density and the apparent core density of cellular plastics and rubbers.

If the material to be tested includes skins formed during a moulding/extrusion, the apparent overall density or the apparent core density, or both, can be determined. If the material does not have skins formed during moulding, the term "overall density" is not applicable.


Thermal-insulating materials — Determination of compressive creep

Matériaux d'isolation thermique — Détermination du fluage en compression

ISO 20392:2007 specifies equipment and procedures for determining the compressive creep of test specimens under various conditions of stress. It is applicable to thermal-insulation products.


Thermal-insulating materials — Determination of long-term water absorption by diffusion

Matériaux d'isolation thermique — Détermination de l'absorption d'eau à long terme par diffusion

ISO 20393:2007 specifies equipment and procedures for determining the long-term water absorption of test specimens by diffusion. It is intended for use with thermal-insulation products. It is designed to simulate the absorption of water by products subjected for a long period of time not only to high relative humidity, approximating to 100 %, on both sides but also to a water vapour pressure gradient, as experienced by e.g. inverted roof or unprotected ground insulation.

The test is not applicable to all types of thermal-insulation product. The product standard should normally state whether this test is applicable to a particular product.


Thermal-insulating materials — Determination of freeze-thaw resistance

Matériaux d'isolation thermique — Détermination de la résistance au gel-dégel

ISO 20394:2007 specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the effect, on the mechanical properties and moisture content of a product, of the successive cycling of the product from dry conditions at -20 °C to wet conditions (water) at +20 °C. It is applicable to thermal-insulation products.

The method is intended to simulate freeze-thaw effects on thermal-insulation products which are frequently exposed to water and low-temperature conditions, e.g. inverted roofs and unprotected ground insulation.

This test method is not recommended for all thermal-insulation products. It will normally be clear from the product standard, if this International Standard is applicable to a particular product.


Information technology — SEDRIS — Part 3: Transmittal format binary encoding

Technologies de l'information — SEDRIS — Partie 3: Codage binaire de format de transmission

ISO/IEC 18023-3:2006 defines a binary encoding for DRM objects specified in ISO/IEC 18023-1 according to the abstract syntax specified in ISO/IEC 18023-2.


Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system: Interactivity tools, APIs and protocols — Part 9:

Technologies de l'information — Système de codage d'images JPEG 2000: Outils d'interactivité, interfaces de programmes d'application et protocoles — Partie 9:

ISO/IEC 15444-9:2005 defines, in an extensible manner, syntaxes and methods for the remote interrogation and optional modification of JPEG 2000 codestreams and files in accordance with their definition in the following parts of ISO/IEC 15444:

ISO/IEC 15444-1 and its definition of a JPEG 2000 codestream and JP2 file format; and

the JPEG 2000 family of file formats as defined in further parts of ISO/IEC 15444.

In ISO/IEC 15444-9:2005, the defined syntaxes and methods are referred to as the JPEG 2000 Interactive Protocol, "JPIP", and interactive applications using JPIP are referred to as "JPIP systems".


Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of dimensions of test pieces and products for test purposes

Caoutchouc vulcanisé ou thermoplastique — Détermination des dimensions des éprouvettes et des produits en vue des essais


Imaging materials — Optical discs — Care and handling practices for extended usage


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 4: Conformance testing — Amendment 4:  IPMPX conformance extensions

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 4: Essai de conformité — Amendement 4: .


Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 5: Reference software — Amendment 4: IPMPX reference software extensions

Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 5: Logiciel de référence — Amendement 4: Extensions du logiciel de référence IPMPX


Tools for moulding — Tool specification sheet for diecasting dies

Outillage de moulage — Formulaire de spécifications d'outils pour moules pour fonderie sous pression

ISO 24233:2007 presents a tool specification sheet for diecasting dies, for use both when requesting (at the tendering stage) and when ordering the tools. The sheet specifies the data necessary for material acquisition, equipment and the structural design of diecasting dies, including the tool surfaces, as well as information relating to machine‑specific data, types of operation and warranty.

ISO 24233:2007 is not applicable to compression moulds or injection moulds.


Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Calibration of contact (stylus) instruments — Technical Corrigendum 1

Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — État de surface: Méthode du profil — Étalonnage des instruments à contact (palpeur) — Rectificatif technique 1


Road vehicles — Passenger car wheels for road use — Test methods

Véhicules routiers — Roues pour voitures particulières pour utilisation sur routes — Méthodes d'essai

ISO 3066:2005 specifies two laboratory methods for testing certain essential fatigue strength characteristics of wheels intended for road use on passenger cars as defined in ISO 3833.

The test methods are

dynamic cornering fatigue test;

dynamic radial fatigue test.


Road vehicles — Wheels/rims for commercial vehicles — Test methods

Véhicules routiers — Roues/jantes pour véhicules utilitaires — Méthodes d'essai

ISO 3894:2005 specifies three laboratory methods for testing certain essential strength characteristics of disc wheels, spoke wheels and demountable rims intended for road use on commercial vehicles, buses, trailers and multipurpose passenger vehicles, as defined in ISO 3833.

The test methods are

disc wheel dynamic cornering fatigue tests;

disc wheels and wheels with demountable rims - dynamic radial fatigue tests; and

wheels with demountable rims - dynamic cornering fatigue test.


Road vehicles — Light alloy wheels — Impact test

Véhicules routiers — Roues en alliage léger — Essai de choc

ISO 7141:2005 specifies a laboratory test procedure to evaluate the axial (lateral) kerb impact collision properties of a wheel manufactured either wholly or partly of light alloys. It is intended for passenger car applications, and special vehicle applications where the wheel may impact the kerb, with the purpose of screening and/or quality control of the wheel.


Guidelines for the determination of the long-term strength of geosynthetics for soil reinforcement

Lignes directrices pour la détermination de la résistance à long terme des géosynthétiques pour le renforcement du sol

ISO/TR 20432:2007 provides guidelines for the determination of the long-term strength of geosynthetics for soil reinforcement.

ISO/TR 20432:2007 describes a method of deriving reduction factors for geosynthetic soil reinforcement materials to account for creep and creep rupture, installation damage and weathering, and chemical and biological degradation. It is intended to provide a link between the test data and the codes for construction with reinforced soil.


Leather — Tests for colour fastness — Colour fastness to crocking

Cuir — Essais de solidité des teintures — Solidité des teintures au frottement avec abrasion

ISO 20433:2005 specifies a method for determining the amount of colour transferred from the surface of coloured leather to other surfaces by rubbing.

Two tests are carried out, one with a dry rubbing cloth and one with a wet rubbing cloth.

The method is applicable to all types of coloured leather. Since after-treatments of the leather as well as surface finishes can affect the degree of colour transfer, the test can be made before and/or after such treatment.


Sécurité des jouets — Partie 2: Inflammabilité


Safety of toys — Part 4: Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use

Sécurité des jouets — Partie 4: Balançoires, glissoires et jouets à activité similaire à usage domestique familial intérieur et extérieur


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1169: Application module: Activity structure and classification

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1169: Module d'application: Classification et structure d'activité

ISO 10303-1169:2005 specifies the application module for Activity structure and classification.

The following are within the scope of ISO 10303-1169:2005:

the existence of an individual activity;

a whole-part relationship between two individual activities;

a connection relationship between two individual activities;

an involvement of a product, document, person, organization or other activity in an individual activity;

the existence of a class of activity;

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual activities;

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the nature of a connection relationship between two individual activities;

a mapping between a class of activity and another class that indicates the nature of an involvement in an activity;

set theory relationships, such as subset, union and intersection, between classes of activity and between mappings;

the classification of an individual activity as a member of a class of activity;

the classification of a relationship between individual activities as a member of a mapping;

the specification of the complete membership of a class of activity or of a mapping between classes of activity;

reference to an externally defined class of activity or activity relationship.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1170: Application module: Class of activity structure

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1170: Module d'application: Classe de structure d'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1170:2005 specifies the application module for Class of activity structure.

The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 10303-1170:2005:

the existence of a class of activity;

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual activities;

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the nature of a connection relationship between two individual activities;

a mapping between a class of activity and a class of product, document, organization or person that indicates the nature of an involvement in an activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1071: Application module: Class of activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1071: Module d'application: Classe d'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1071:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1071:2005:

the existence of a class of activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1171: Application module: Class of composition of activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1171: Module d'application: Classe de composition d'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1171:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of composition of activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1171:2005:

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the
               nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual activities.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1172: Application module: Class of connection of activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1172: Module d'application: Classe de relation d'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1172:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of connection of activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1172:2005:

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the
               nature of a connection relationship between two individual activities.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1173: Application module: Class of involvement in activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1173: Module d'application: Classe d'implication dans l'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1173:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of involvement in activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1173:2005:

a mapping between a class of activity and a class of product, document,
               organization, or person that indicates the nature of an involvement in an
               activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1174: Application module: Class of activity library

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1174: Module d'application: Classe de bibliothèque d'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1174:2005 specifies the application module for Class of activity library.

The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 10303-1174:2005:

the existence of a class of activity;

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual activities;

a mapping between one class of activity and another that indicates the nature of a connection relationship between two individual activities;

a mapping between a class of activity and a class that indicates the nature of an involvement in an activity;

set theory relationships, such as subset, union and intersection, between classes of activity and between mappings.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1175: Application module: Individual activity structure

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1175: Module d'application: Structure d'activité individuelle

ISO/TS 10303-1175:2005 specifies the application module for Individual activity structure.

The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 10303-1175:2005:

the existence of an individual activity;

a whole-part relationship between two individual activities;

a connection relationship between two individual activities;

an involvement of an individual product, document, person, organization or other activity in an individual activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1176: Application module: Individual activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1176: Module d'application: Activité individuelle

ISO/TS 10303-1176:2005 specifies the application module for
         Individual activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1176:2005:

the existence of a individual activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1177: Application module: Composition of individual activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1177: Module d'application: Composition d'activité individualisée

ISO/TS 10303-1177:2005 specifies the application module for
         Composition of individual activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1177:2005:

a relationship between one individual activity and another that
               indicates one is part of the other.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1178: Application module: Connection of individual activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1178: Module d'application: Relation d'activité individualisée

ISO/TS 10303-1178:2005 specifies the application module for
         Connection of individual activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1178:2005:

a relationship between one individual activity and another that
               indicates the two are connected.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1179: Application module: Individual involvement in activity

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1179: Module d'application: Implication individualisée dans l'activité

ISO/TS 10303-1179:2005 specifies the application module for
         Individual involvement in activity.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1179:2005:

a individual product, document, person, organization or other activity that is involved in an individual activity.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1156: Application module: Product structure and classification

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1156: Module d'application: Classification et structure de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1156:2005 specifies the application module for Product structure and classification.

The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 10303-1156:2005:

the existence of an individual product;

a whole-part relationship between two individual products;

a connection relationship between two individual products;

a containment relationship between two individual products;

an involvement of a individual product in a connection between individual products;

the existence of a class of product;

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual products;

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the nature of a connection relationship between two individual products;

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the nature of a containment relationship between two individual products;

a mapping between a class of product and a class of connection of product that indicates the nature of an involvement of an individual product in a connection;

set theory relationships, such as subset, union and intersection, between classes of product and between mappings;

the classification of an individual product as a member of a class of product;

the classification of a relationship between individual products as a member of a mapping;

the specification of the complete membership of a class of product or of a mapping between classes of product;

reference to an externally defined class of product or product relationship.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1157: Application module: Class of product structure

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1157: Module d'application: Classe de structure de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1157:2005 specifies the application module for Class of product structure.

The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 10303-1157:2005:

existence of a class of product;

class of decomposition relationship, and the decomposition of a class of product into component classes of product;

class of connection relationship, and connection between classes of product;

class of usage of a product in a connection, and usage of a class of product in a class of connection;

class of containment relationship, and containment of a class of product by a class of container.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1077: Application module: Class of product

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1077: Module d'application: Classe de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1077:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of product.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1077:2005:

the existence of a class of product.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1158: Application module: Class of composition of product

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1158: Module d'application: Classe de composition de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1158:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of composition of product.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1158:2005:

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the
               nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual products.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1159: Application module: Class of connection of product

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1159: Module d'application: Classe de relation de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1159:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of connection of product.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1159:2005:

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the
               nature of a connection relationship between two individual products.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1160: Application module: Class of containment of product

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1160: Module d'application: Classe d'inclusion de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1160:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of containment of product.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1160:2005:

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the
               nature of a containment relationship between two individual products.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1161: Application module: Class of involvement of product in connection

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1161: Module d'application: Classe d'implication de produit en relation

ISO/TS 10303-1161:2005 specifies the application module for
         Class of involvement of product in connection.

         The following are within the scope of
         ISO/TS 10303-1161:2005:

a relationship between:

a class of connection between products; and

 a class of product,

that indicates a member of the class of product is used to make a member of
               the class of connection.


Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 1162: Application module: Class of product library

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 1162: Module d'application: Classe de bibliothèque de produit

ISO/TS 10303-1162:2005 specifies the application module for Class of product library.

The following are within the scope of ISO/TS 10303-1162:2005:

the existence of a class of product;

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the nature of a whole-part relationship between two individual products;

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the nature of a connection relationship between two individual products;

a mapping between one class of product and another that indicates the nature of a containment relationship between two individual products;

set theory relationships, such as subset, union and intersection, between classes of product and between mappings.